REFERENCE Archive

Gross National Product (GNP) and Net National Product (NNP)

Gross National Product or GNP is arrived at by adding monetary value of Net Factor Income from abroad to Gross Domestic Product.  GDP considers the monetary value of goods and services produced within the domestic territory by

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Net Domestic Product (NDP)

Gross Domestic Product or GDP is the money value of all final goods and services produced in the domestic territory of a country during an accounting year. Gross stands for ‘total’ and  Domestic means all activities taking

Bank Rate (BR) or Discount Rate and Inflation

Bank rate (BR) is one of the most effective weapons employed by almost all central banks to control credit in the financial system. There is a direct relation between Bank Rate and Market Rate. It is widely

Producer Price Index &PPI Vs WPI and CPI

Producer Price Index tracks the average change in the prices of goods and services either as they leave the place of production or as they enter the production process. PPI thus measures the changes in price from

Consumer Price Index (CPI)

Consumer Price Index (CPI) is one of the most important price indices used in India to measure inflation.   Consumer Price Index measures inflation rate at the retail level. CPI tracks the price actually paid by the

Wholesale Price Index (WPI) & Inflation

Inflation in its simplest term means increase in prices. Governments in various countries are trying to balance economic growth and inflation. India too follows the same track. Tracking inflation accurately thus becomes a pre-condition for devising appropriate

Inflation and Its Classification 

Inflation refers to the situation where prices exhibit a continuously increasing trend. Inflation is defined as too much money chasing too few goods by Coulborn. Geofrfrey Crowther states that inflation is a state in which the value

Roles and responsibilities of RBI

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is constituted as the apex institution of Indian monetary system and financial system.  RBI  is responsible for implementation of monetary policy to control and ensure stability of the monetary and banking system.

Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the apex institution of Indian monetary system and financial system. Being the central bank of the country, RBI is the institution that control and stabilize the monetary and banking system.  Evolution

Internal Ombudsman (IO) Scheme, 2018

Banks in India have been instructed by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to appoint an Independent Internal Ombudsman (IO) under the Banking Ombudsman Scheme. As per the revised guidelines consolidated under Internal Ombudsman Scheme, 2018, all Scheduled